isiZulu
Kwadalwa ngo 08.08

Indlela Yokuhlela Ipulazi Lezinkukhu Ezibekela Amaqanda: Izinqumo Eziyi-12 Ngaphambi Kwesilinganiso Sezindleko

Indlela Yokuhlela Ipulazi Lezinkukhu Ezibekela Amaqanda: Izinqumo Eziyi-12 Okufanele Uzenze Ngaphambi Kokucela Isilinganiso Sezindleko (Quotation)
Isilinganiso sezindleko esithembekile sepulazi lezinkukhu ezibekela amaqanda siqala ngaphambi kokuxoxwa ngezindleko zemishini. Umthengi nomhlinzeki kumele baqale bavumelane ngenhloso yokukhiqiza, uhlobo lwezinkukhu, umthamo, indawo, indlu yezinkukhu, ukuhlelwa kwamakheji, ukusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo, ukulawulwa kwesimo sezulu, indlela yokukhipha ubulongwe, izinsiza, uhlelo lokuqalisa kanye nokubaluleka kokuphila kwemishini. Uma lezi zinqumo zicacile, isilinganiso sezindleko siba yiphrojekthi esebenzisekayo esikhundleni sohlu lwemishini engaxhumene.
Lo mhlahlandlela ubhalelwe abatshali-zimali, abanikazi bamapulazi, abaphathi bokuthenga kanye namathimba amaphrojekthi abahlela ukwakha ipulazi elisha lokufuya amaqanda noma ukukhulisa elikhona. Uchaza ulwazi umhlinzeki wemishini aludingayo, ukuthi kungani okokufaka ngakunye kubalulekile kanye nokuthi iziphi izinqumo okufanele zihlale ziqondene nephrojekthi ethile.
Umgomo oyinhloko ulula: indlu yezinkukhu nemishini kufanele kuhlelwe njengohlelo olulodwa olusebenzayo. Imigqa yamakheji ithinta ubukhulu besakhiwo. Ubukhulu besakhiwo buthinta ukungena komoya. Isibalo sezinkukhu sithinta ukugeleza kokudla, amanzi, umquba namaqanda. Ukusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo kuthinta amandla, izilawuli, ukunakekela nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi. Ukushintsha into eyodwa kungashintsha ezinye ezimbalwa.
Ukuze uthole umbono wokuthi lezi zigaba zixhuma kanjani, bheka inqubo yepulazi lezinkukhu eliphelele, kusukela ezidingweni zokuqala nokuhlela ukuhlelwa kwendawo kuya ekufakweni nasekuqaliseni ukusebenza.
Ukuhlela Iphrojekthi Ngokubuka Okufushane
Ngaphambi kokucela isilinganiso sentengo, lungisa amaqembu amahlanu olwazi:
  • Ukukhiqiza: uhlobo lwezinyoni, umthamo okuhlosiwe, imakethe yamaqanda kanye nohlelo lokwandisa.
  • Indawo: izwe, indawo, isimo sezulu, umhlaba, ukufinyelela kanye nezidingo ezisebenzayo.
  • Ukwakhiwa: indlu entsha noma ekhona, ubukhulu bayo, izitezi, ukuphakama okucacile nezindawo zokusebenza.
  • Amasistimu: ukukhetha kwekheji, ukondla, ukuphuza, ukuqoqa amaqanda, ukuphatha umquba, ukulawula isimo sezulu nokuqapha.
  • Ukuqaliswa: izinsiza, isheduli, imodeli yokufaka, ukuqeqeshwa, isigaba sesabelomali nokulindeleka kwangemva kokuthengisa.
Lokhu okufakwayo akudingeki kube kahle ngosuku lokuqala. Inhloso yako ukukhomba lokho okwaziwayo, okumele kubalwe, nokuthi yini esadinga ukuqinisekiswa ngonjiniyela wasendaweni noma ngemithetho.
Isinqumo 1: Chaza Inhloso Yokukhiqiza Nohlobo Lwezinyoni
Qala ngomkhiqizo nemodeli yokukhiqiza, hhayi ngekhathalogi yamakheji. Ipulazi lamaqanda etafuleni, iyunithi yokukhulisa izinkukhu ezincane, umsebenzi wokufuya abazali, kanye nephrojekthi yezinkukhu zokukhiqiza inyama kudinga imishini nendlela yokuphatha ehlukile. Ngisho nasekukhiqizeni amaqanda okuthengisa, imithetho yezindlu, imininingwane yamaqanda, izidingo zamakhasimende nezinhlelo zokuqinisekisa zingathinta ukukhethwa kwesistimu.
Tshela umthengisi:
  • Ukuthi iphrojekthi ingeyezinkukhu ezincane, ezibekela amaqanda noma zombili lezi zigaba.
  • Ukuthi izinkukhu zizofika ziyizinsizwa zosuku, izinkukhu ezikhulisiwe noma izinkukhu ezikulungele ukubeka amaqanda.
  • Imakethe yamaqanda ehlosiwe, lapho ithinta khona ukuphathwa, ukuhlelwa ngezigaba noma ukulandeleka.
  • Noma yiziphi izidingo eziyimpoqo zezindlu, inhlalakahle, ukuphepha kokudla noma ukuqinisekiswa.
Lolu lwazi luthonya ukwakhiwa kwekheji, ukufinyelela kokudla, ukuphakama kokuphuza, ukukhanyisa, ukuhlela kokudlulisa kanye nokuxhumana kokusingathwa kwamaqanda okwehla. Isilinganiso esilungiselelwe izikhukhukazi ezizalelayo asikwazi ukusetshenziswa kabusha nje ekukhuliseni izinkukhu ezincane.
Uhlobo lwezinkukhu kanye nemigomo yokulawula kufanele kuhlolwe ngokuqhathaniswa nomhlahlandlela wamanje okhishwe inkampani yokufuya. Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bezilwane bendawo kufanele bachaze izidingo zezempilo, zokugoma kanye nokulawula izifo. Umhlinzeki wemishini angakwazi ukuhlela izinhlelo ezibonakalayo, kodwa akufanele athathe indawo yalezi zibopho ezikhethekile.
Isinqumo 2: Misa Umthamo Ongokoqobo Nendlela Yokwanda
Umthamo ohlosiwe uqhuba inani lamakheji, inani lezindlu, isidingo sokudla, isidingo samanzi, ukugeleza komquba, amandla okusingatha amaqanda, umthwalo kagesi kanye nezidingo zokuphatha zansuku zonke. Nokho, “izinkukhu eziyikhulu ezinkulungwane” akukona ukwakheka. Umthamo ofanayo ophelele ungahlukaniswa ngezindlela ezahlukene phakathi kwezindlu, izitezi, izigaba zokukhiqiza noma izigaba zokwakha ezizayo.
Tshela umthengi:
  • Umthamo wokuqala wokubekwa kanye nomthamo wokugcina wokwandisa.
  • Ingabe ukwandisa kuzosebenzisa izindlu ezengeziwe, izitezi ezengeziwe noma izindawo ezigciniwe zemishini.
  • Ingabe imihlambi izophathwa ngeqembu elilodwa leminyaka noma ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu.
  • Ubudlelwano obulindelekile phakathi komthamo wokukhulisa nomthamo wokubekela amaqanda.
Ukuthuthukiswa ngezigaba kunganciphisa ububanzi bokuqala, kodwa izindlela zokwandisa kufanele zigcinwe kusenesikhathi. Ukulethwa kokudla, ukudluliswa kwamaqanda, ukuthuthwa komquba, imigwaqo, ukusabalalisa amandla kanye nesakhiwo sokulawula akufanele kuvimbe isigaba sakamuva.
Uma uhlola ububanzi obuchaziwe, umhlahlandlela wethu we-50,000-layer automatic egg farm planning guide unikeza umngane oqondene nomthamo kulesi sakhiwo esibanzi.
Ungabali inani lokugcina lezinkukhu ngokususelwa endaweni yesakhiwo kuphela. Umthamo ongasetshenziswa uncike ohlelweni lokugcina izilwane olukhethiwe, imodeli yekheji, izidingo zomthetho zokugcina izilwane, izikhala zamaphaseji nemishini, ukwakheka kwemvelo kanye nohlelo oluqinisekisiwe lomhlinzeki.
Isinqumo 3: Hlola Indawo, Isimo Sezulu Nezidingo Zendawo
Ukuklanywa kwepulazi lezinkukhu kumele kuhambisane nendawo yalo. Ububanzi bezinga lokushisa, umswakama, ukuphakama kwendawo, imimoya evamile, uthuli, imvula, ikhwalithi yamanzi, ukuthembeka kukagesi kanye nebanga lensiza yokusekela konke kungashintsha ububanzi bemishini.
Tshela umhlinzeki:
  • Izwe, isifundazwe noma isifunda, nedolobha eliseduze.
  • Izimo zokushisa nezomswakama zonyaka.
  • Ukuphakama kanye nokuchayeka emoyeni ongavamile, othulini, emvuleni, eqhweni noma ekugqwaleni lapho kufanele khona.
  • Ubukhulu bomhlaba obutholakalayo, ukuthambeka kwesiza, ukufinyelela komgwaqo nezimo zokukhipha amanzi.
  • Ibanga lokulethwa kokudla, imakethe yamaqanda, indawo yomquba kanye nensizakalo yobuchwepheshe.
Iziphathimandla zendawo kanye nochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe kumele baqinisekise izimvume zokwakha, izidingo zemvelo, imithetho kagesi, ukuphepha komlilo, ukuphepha kwabasebenzi, imithetho yezilwane, izinhlinzeko zokuvikela izifo kanye nezibopho zomquba noma zamanzi angcolile. Imithetho iyahlukahluka phakathi kwamazwe futhi ingahluka nangaphakathi kwezwe elilodwa.
Ukuvikela izifo kufanele kuqale esigabeni sokuhlela indawo. Cabanga ngokuhamba kwezinyoni, abantu, ukudla, amaqanda, umquba, imfucuza kanye nezimoto zensizakalo ngaphambi kokumisa indawo yendlu. Imizila ehlanzekile nengcolile akufanele idalwe ngephutha ngemva kokwakhiwa.
Isinqumo 4: Hlela Indlu Yezinkukhu Ngokuhambisana Nokuhlelwa Kwemishini
Enye yamaphutha okuhlela abiza kakhulu ukwakha indlu yezinkukhu ngaphambi kokuqinisekisa ukuhlelwa kwemishini. Ubude bendlu, ububanzi, ukuphakama kwangaphakathi okucacile, izikhundla zamakholomu, ukulayisha phansi, iminyango, amakamelo emishini kanye nezikhala zokugcina kufanele kuhambisane nohlelo olukhethiwe.
Ngendlu entsha, nikeza:
  • Umhlaba okhona kanye nendlela othandwa ukuqondiswa ngayo indlu.
  • Ubude obuhlongozwayo, ububanzi, ukuphakama kwe-eaves, ukuphakama kwe-ridge kanye nokuphakama kwangaphakathi okucacile.
  • Igridi yamakholomu, ukuhlelwa kwephansi kanye nemikhawulo yezakhiwo.
  • Izindawo ezihlelelwe ukudla, amaqanda, umquba, ugesi kanye nemishini yokulawula isimo sezulu.
Endlini ekhona, hlinzeka ngemidwebo enobukhulu, izithombe kanye nokuhlolwa kwesiza. Shono ukuthi amakholomu, imishayo, imigodi, izindonga, iminyango noma amazinga aphansi angashintshwa yini.
Umhlinzeki kufanele abuyisele umklamo wereferensi ohlanganisiwe obonisa imigqa namazinga amakheji, imishudo yokusebenza, ukufinyelela kwesevisi, indlela yokuphakela, indlela yamaqanda, ukukhishwa komquba, izingxenye zokungenisa umoya kanye nezindawo ezinkulu zemishini. Umklamo wokugcina wesakhiwo nokuqinisekiswa komthwalo kufanele kuqedwe onjiniyela abaqeqeshiwe abaqonda imishini ekhethiwe kanye nekhodi yendawo.
I-Iphrojekthi yaseZhejiang yezingqimba eziyizigidi eziyi-1.1 ibonisa ukuthi kungani izindlu ezinkulu zezinkukhu kanye nemishini yezingqimba eziningi kudingeka ukuthi ihlanganiswe ngaphambi kokuba imishini ingene esakhiweni.
Isinqumo 5: Khetha Ukucushwa Kohlelo Lwekheji
Izinhlelo zohlobo lwe-A nohlobo lwe-H azishintshani njengamalebula "eyisisekelo" noma "ethuthukile." Ngayinye inemithelela ehlukile kububanzi nokuphakama kokwakhiwa, ukuphathwa kwendle, ukusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo, ukufinyelela kokuhlola, ukunakekela kanye nesakhiwo sokutshalwa kwezimali.
Ukukhetha kufanele kucabangele:
  • Umthamo ohleliwe wendlu ngayinye.
  • Ububanzi obukhona nokuphakama okucacile.
  • Izidingo zendawo zokuhlala nezenhlalakahle.
  • Inani elifiswayo lemigqa nezigaba.
  • Izinhloso zokutholakala kwabasebenzi nokuzenzakalelayo.
  • Indlela yokususa umquba.
  • Umzila wokuqoqa amaqanda.
  • Ukuhlola, ukunakekela nokufinyelela okuphuthumayo.
  • Ukunwetshwa kwesikhathi esizayo kanye nesu lezingxenye eziyisipele.
Izinhlelo zohlobo lwe-H zivame ukucatshangelwa lapho amaphrojekthi edinga ukwakheka kwezitezi eziningi kanye nokusebenza okuhlanganisiwe, kodwa ukukhetha kokugcina kufanele kulandele isakhiwo sangempela, imithetho kanye nemodeli yokusebenza. Abathengi abahlola le fomethi bangabuyekeza i-Daofeng uhlelo lwe-H lwezitezi eziningi lwezindlu zezinkukhu.
Ngaphambi kokuqinisekisa isilinganiso sezindlu zezinkukhu, cela imodeli eqondile yezindlu zezinkukhu, ubukhulu, izitezi, izigaba, umthamo wokuklama, imininingwane yezinto, ulwazi lokufaka noma ukuvikelwa kokugqwala, ukuhlelwa kwemikhombe yokudla, ukuhlelwa kokuphuza, ukuxhumana nendlela yokulahla umquba, ukuxhumana kwamaqanda kanye nezikhala ezidingekayo zesevisi. Qhathanisa ukwakheka okuphelele, hhayi kuphela intengo ngesethi yezindlu zezinkukhu.
Isinqumo 6: Hlela Ukondla Nokuphuza Njengamaketanga Okunikezwa
Imishini yezindlu zezinkukhu ayikwazi ukusebenza ngokungaguquki uma ukudla namanzi kungafinyeleli kuwo wonke umugqa nesitezi njengoba kuhleliwe. Ukuhlela kufanele kuhlanganise ukugcina, ukulethwa, ukusabalalisa, ukulawula, ukuhlanza kanye nokusebenza okuphuthumayo.
Ngokudla, xoxa:
  • Umthombo wokudla nendlela yokulethwa.
  • Ukuhlelwa kwesilo noma ukugcinwa.
  • Umzila omkhulu wokuthutha nendlela yokusabalalisa endlini.
  • Uhlobo lomshini wokondla kanye nokulandelana kokulawula.
  • Ukufinyelela kokuhlanza, ukuhlola nokulungisa.
  • Izinyathelo zokuthola ukuphazamiseka noma ukusebenza okungajwayelekile.
  • Ngamanzi, xoxani ngalokhu:
  • Umthamo womthombo, ingcindezi, ikhwalithi kanye nezidingo zokwelashwa.
  • Izinhlelo zokugcina nokubuyisela emuva.
  • Ukuhlunga, ukulawula, isixhumanisi semithi kanye nokugeza.
  • Ukuhlelwa komugqa we-nipple nokulungiswa.
  • Ukuqapha nokusabela ekuvuzeni noma ekwehlulekeni kokunikezwa.
Umthengi kufanele anikele ngolwazi olutholakalayo lokuhlola amanzi kanye nedatha kagesi yendawo. Umhlinzeki kufanele akhombe izimo zokusebenza ezicatshangwayo kanye nokuxhumana kwemishini. Ipulazi kufanele futhi libe nezinqubo zokuphazamiseka kokunikezwa; ukuzenzakalela akususi isidingo sokuhlola kwansuku zonke.
Isinqumo 7: Dweba Ukugeleza Kwamaqanda Okuphelele
Ukuqoqwa kwamaqanda akukhona nje ibhande elinamathiselwe emakhejini. Umbuzo wokuhlela ukuthi amaqanda ahamba kanjani asuka kuyo yonke imigqa nemiqulu aye endaweni yokuqoqa, igumbi lokuhlunga, indawo yokupakisha noma indawo yokuthumela ngaphandle kokudala izithiyo.
Tshela umthengisi:
  • Ukuthi ukuqoqa kuzoba ngesandla, okuzenzakalelayo kancane noma okuzenzakalelayo ngokuphelele.
  • Imvamisa yokuqoqa ekhethiwe kanye neshejuli yokusebenza.
  • Indawo okuhlosiwe: itafula lokuqoqa, i-conveyor ephambanayo, i-elevator, umshini wokuhlunga noma ulayini wokupakisha.
  • Amazinga ezakhiwo, ukuphakama kokudlulisela kanye nemikhawulo yemizila.
  • Ukuthi imishini yokuhlunga noma yokupakisha yesikhathi esizayo kumele yamukelwe yini.
Uhlelo lokugcina kumele luhambisane nesikhumbuzo sokuhamba kwecage-belt, imishini yokuphela kwemigqa, ama-conveyor aphakathi kwezindlu, izikhala zaphansi, izinguquko zokuphakama kanye nokufinyelela kwezinsizakalo. Uma izindlu eziningi ziletha endaweni yeqanda elilodwa, ukuhamba kwazo okuhlanganisiwe kanye nomjikelezo wokusebenza kumele kubhekwe.
Gwema ukwamukela uhlu lwezinto olukhuluma nge-"ukuhlanganiswa kweqanda okuzenzakalelayo" ngaphandle kokudweba indlela nokuchazwa kokuxhumana. Umkhawulo wemishini kumele ubonise ukuthi lapho kuqala khona futhi kuphele khona umthengisi.
Isinqumo 8: Chaza Indlela Yezinkukhu Kusuka Ekhishini Kuya Endaweni Yokugcina
Ukuhlela umquba akupheli lapho izinto zishiya ibhande lekheji. Umsebenzi udinga umzila ophelele ohlanganisa imvamisa yokususa, ukudlulisa, ukugcina, ukomisa noma okunye ukwelashwa, ukuthutha, ukusetshenziswa kokugcina kanye nezidingo zendawo zemvelo.
Tshela umthengisi:
  • Indlela ehlosiwe yokususa ezingeni lekheji.
  • Inkomba nebanga ukusuka endlini ngayinye ukuya endaweni yokuqoqa.
  • Ukuthi umquba uzosuswa epulazini, wenziwe umquba, womiswe, ugcinwe noma ucubungulwe.
  • Indawo yokwelapha etholakalayo nokuvikelwa kwesimo sezulu.
  • Ikhasimende elilindelekile, ukusetshenziswa kwezitshalo noma indlela yokulahla, lapho kwaziwa khona.
  • Izidingo ezisebenzayo zephunga, ukugeleza kwamanzi, umsoco noma ukuphathwa kwemfucuza.
Izimo zomswakama zithonywa ukuphathwa kohlelo lokuphuza, ukungena komoya, ukuphathwa kwezinkukhu kanye nemvamisa yokususa. Ngakho-ke, imishini yomquba kufanele ihlanganiswe nemvelo yendlu nendlela yokusebenza.
Lapho iphrojekthi idinga ukuncishiswa okwengeziwe komswakama kanye nokusingathwa okuhlelekile kokugeleza okungemumva, buyekeza uhlelo lokomisa ubulongwe bezinkukhu njengesinye sezigaba zokwelapha ezingenzeka. Ukufaneleka kuncike ezimfanelweni zobulongwe, ukuhlanganiswa kwamandla nomoya, umphumela odingekayo, isikhala esikhona kanye nokusetshenziswa kokugcina.
Isinqumo 9: Klama Ukulawulwa Kwesimo Sezulu Nokukhanyisa Kwendawo
Ukungena komoya omusha kumele kunikeze umoya omusha futhi kusize ukususa ukushisa, umswakama, amagesi kanye nokungcola okusemoyeni. Isu lokusebenza elidingekayo liyashintsha ngobudala bezinyoni, izimo zokugcina izilwane, isimo sezulu sangaphandle, ukuqina kwendlu, ubude besakhiwo kanye nokuhlelwa kwemishini.
Hlinzeka:
  • Idatha yendawo yesimo sezulu eshintshayo.
  • Ubukhulu bendlu kanye nolwazi lokufakwa kwe-insulation.
  • Uhlobo lwezinyoni, isheduli yokubekwa kanye nomthamo ohleliwe.
  • Imigqa yamakheji, amazinga kanye nezithiyo zangaphakathi.
  • Amandla atholakalayo kanye nesu lokusekela (backup).
  • Izidingo zokushisisa, ukupholisa kanye nokulawula umswakama.
Ukuklanywa kwemvelo kungafaka izintuba zomoya, amafeni, ukupholisa ngokuhwamuka kwamanzi, ukushisisa, ukujikeleza komoya, izinzwa, izilawuli kanye nama-alamu. Inani lazo nendawo ezikuyo kufanele libalwe ngokuqondene nephrojekthi ethile; isibalo samafeni esikopishwe kwelinye ipulazi akusikho ukuklanywa.
Ukukhanyisa kufanele futhi kuhambisane nohlelo lwezindlu, uhlelo lokuphatha izinkukhu, izidingo zendawo kanye nomhlahlandlela womfuyi. Indawo yezinsimbi zokukhanyisa, ukufana kokukhanya, ukwehlisa ukukhanya, izindawo zokulawula, ukusebenza okuyisipele kanye nokufinyeleleka kokuhlanza kubalulekile. Isheduli yokukhanyisa ayikwazi ukunxephezela ukusabalalisa okungafanele noma imvelo engafaneleki.
Isinqumo 10: Qinisekisa Amandla, Amanzi, Okusekelayo Nengqalasizinda Yokulawula
Ipulazi elisebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo kakhulu lincike engqalasizindeni. Ngaphambi kokuba ukukhethwa kwemishini kuqedwe, chaza ukunikezwa kukagesi, i-voltage, i-frequency, isigaba, ukuhlelwa kwe-transformer nokuthembeka. Khomba ukuthi ubani ophethe izintambo, amaphaneli okusabalalisa, ukugxilisa phansi, ukuvikelwa kwamandla, ama-generator nokuxhuma kumshini ngamunye.
Isiyalo esifanayo sisebenza ekugcinweni kwamanzi, ukulawulwa kwengcindezi, ukwelashwa kanye nokunikezwa okuphuthumayo. Izinhlelo ezibalulekile zidinga impendulo esebenzayo lapho umthombo ojwayelekile wehluleka.
Xoxa ngezinga lokulawula:
  • Ukulawulwa kwemishini ngayinye noma ukuxhumanisa okumaphakathi.
  • Environmental controller and sensor scope.
  • Iziteshi zokuxwayisa kanye nomthwalo wokuphakamisa izinga.
  • Izidingo zokubonisa endaweni, ukufinyelela kude kanye nokurekhoda idatha.
  • Ukulawula ngesandla kanye nokuvala ngokuphephile.
  • Izimvume zomsebenzisi, ulimi kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi.
“Ipulazi elihlakaniphile” kufanele lichaze imisebenzi ewusizo yokusebenza, hhayi ibhodi lokuhlobisa. Chaza ukuthi iyiphi idatha ezolinganiswa, izosekela kanjani izinqumo, ubani ozophendula kuma-alarm, nokuthi yini eqhubekayo ukusebenza uma ukuxhumana kulahlekile.
Isinqumo 11: Chaza Ukufakwa, Ukuhlolwa, Ukuqeqeshwa Nesevisi
Izilinganiso ezimbili zingaqukatha imishini efanayo kodwa izibopho zokuqalisa ezihluke kakhulu. Cacisa ukuthi umhlinzeki uzohlinzeka ngemidwebo yokuhlela, imidwebo yokufaka, abaqondisi, ithimba eligcwele lokufaka, ukuhola okukude, ukuhlola ukusebenza, ukuqeqesha, izingxenye eziyisipele kanye nempendulo yokuthengisa ngemva kokuthengisa.
Qinisekisa:
  • Izimo zokulungiselela indawo ngaphambi kokufika kwemishini.
  • Ukulandelana kokuthumela nokuvikelwa kokugcina.
  • Umsebenzi wokufaka, amathuluzi, imishini yokuphakamisa kanye nezibopho zendawo yokuhlala.
  • Ukuxhumana kwemishini, kagesi namanzi.
  • Izinqubo zokuhlola zohlelo ngalunye oluncane.
  • Ukulandelana okuhlanganisiwe kokugunyazwa kokusebenza.
  • Ukuqeqeshwa komsebenzisi nokunakekela.
  • Amadokhumenti okunikezela, uhlu lwezingxenye eziyisipele kanye nokuxhumana kwensiza.
Ukuthunyelwa kufanele kuhlole ukusebenza okuvamile, ama-alarm, ama-interlock, ukulawula okwenziwa ngesandla, ukusabela okuphuthumayo nokuhleleka kohlelo ngaphambi kokuba izinyoni zifike. Gcina amarekhodi asayiniwe okuhlolwa, ukulungiswa nokuqeqeshwa.
Umthengisi kufanele futhi achaze umngcele wewaranti nokungafakwa kuyo ngolimi oluqondakalayo. Umthengi kufanele ahlole ikhono lensiza, imibhalo nokutholakala kwezingxenye kanye nentengo yokuthenga.
Isinqumo 12: Hlela Isabelomali, Isikhathi Nokubaluleka Komjikelezo Wempilo
Isabelomali esiwusizo sisekelwe kububanzi nokucatshangwayo. Intengo yemishini ingashintsha ngohlobo lwekheji, inani lezindlu, amazinga, i-automation, ukulawulwa kwemvelo, ukuthutha, ukwesekwa kokufakwa, ingqalasizinda yendawo kanye nemingcele phakathi komthengisi nomthengi.
Tshela umthengisi:
  • Ukuthi iphrojekthi isesigabeni sokwenzeka, sokugunyazwa kwesabelomali, sokuklama okuningiliziwe noma sokuthenga.
  • Isheduli yokwakha nokubekwa okuhlosiwe.
  • Ukulinganisela okuthandwayo phakathi kokutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala nokusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo.
  • Izimo zabasebenzi basekhaya nezinsiza.
  • Okulindelekile ekwandiseni.
  • Yiziphi izindleko okufanele zifakwe noma ziboniswe ngokwehlukana.
Cela isilinganiso esiveza okufakiwe, okungafakiwe, ubuningi, ukuqagela kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuxhumana, imigomo yokulethwa, ububanzi bokufakwa, ukugunyazwa, ukuqeqeshwa, iwaranti kanye nokuqinisekiswa. Uma izinikezelo ezimbili zihluka, zilinganise ububanzi bazo ngaphambi kokuqhathanisa izamba.
Ukucabanga ngomjikelezo wempilo kuhlanganisa amandla, ukufinyelela kokulungisa, izingxenye ezisebenzisekayo, ukuchayeka kokugqwala, ikhono lomsebenzisi, ukusabela ngesikhathi sokuma komsebenzi kanye nokuhambisana nekusasa. Intengo yokuqala ephansi kakhulu ayisona ngokuzenzakalelayo ingozi ephansi yokusebenza, kanti inketho ezenzakalelayo kakhulu ayisona ngokuzenzakalelayo ukufaneleka okungcono kakhulu kwayo yonke ipulazi.
Ukuhlela Ngaphambi Kokuba Izinkinga Zivele
Umqondo ovela ku-Tao Te Ching, Isahluko 64, ungachazwa kanje: bhekana nodaba ngaphambi kokuba lwakheke; dala ukuhleleka ngaphambi kokuba kuvele ukungahleleki. Kumklamo wezingqimba, lokhu kusebenza ngokoqobo hhayi ngokungabonakali. Ukuhlela indlu yezinkukhu, ukuhlelwa kwamakheji, umoya, izinsiza, indlela yomquba kanye nokufinyelela kwesevisi emidwebeni kulula kunokulungisa ukungqubuzana kwazo ngemva kokuba ukhonkolo nensimbi sezibekiwe. Ukuhlela ngokucophelela kuyindlela yokuhlonipha—izinyoni, abasebenzi, umtshali-zimali kanye nabo bonke ozakwethu abaphethe impilo ende yokusebenza kwepulazi.
Uhlu Lokuhlola Ulwazi Lwangaphambi Kokucaphuna Amanani
Thumela ulwazi olulandelayo kumthengisi wakho wemishini:
  • Izwe, indawo yephrojekthi kanye nechweba eliseduze.
  • Uhlobo lwephrojekthi: ukukhulisa izinkukhu ezincane, izinkukhu ezibekela ukuthengisa, noma izigaba ezihlanganisiwe.
  • Umthamo wokuqala ohlosiwe kanye nomthamo wesikhathi esizayo.
  • Ukwakhiwa okusha noma ukulungiswa kwezindlu ezikhona.
  • Inani lezindlu kanye nobukhulu bomhlaba okhona.
  • Ubude bendlu, ububanzi, ukuphakama kwangaphakathi, izitezi kanye nemidwebo, uma ikhona.
  • Ukucushwa okuthandwayo kohlobo lwe-A noma uhlobo lwe-H, uma sekucatshangwe.
  • Ububanzi obudingekayo bokuphakela, ukuphuza, ukuqoqa amaqanda nokususa umquba.
  • Ukugcinwa komquba, ukwelashwa noma uhlelo lokusetshenziswa kokugcina.
  • Izimo zesimo sezulu zonyaka kanye nezinga elihleliwe lokulawula imvelo.
  • I-voltage, i-frequency, i-phase, ukuthembeka kwamandla kanye nohlelo lokusekela.
  • Umthombo wamanzi, ukugcinwa, ulwazi lwekhwalithi kanye nezimo zokucindezela.
  • Ishejuli yephrojekthi ekuhlosiwe kanye nesigaba samanje sokugunyazwa.
  • Ukufakwa okudingekayo, ukugunyazwa nokusebenza kanye nokusekelwa kokuqeqesha.
  • Izithombe, amavidiyo, izinhlelo zesiza kanye nemidwebo yezakhiwo.
Uma olunye ulwazi lungakatholakali, lufake uphawu lokuthi “kuzoqinisekiswa.” Ingxoxo yokuqala yobungcweti kufanele ibone izinqumo ezingekho esikhundleni sokuzifihla ngemuva kwenani elinganembile.
Imibuzo Ejwayelekile
Imininingwane encane kangakanani edingekayo ukuze uthole isilinganiso sokuqala sepheya lezinkukhu ezibekela amaqanda?
Okungenani, nikeza izwe nendawo yephrojekthi, uhlobo lwezinyoni, umthamo okuhlosiwe, isimo sendlu entsha noma ekhona, ubukhulu bendlu noma bomhlaba obukhona, izinga lokusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo olifisayo, izimo zesimo sezulu, amandla kagesi nokuhleleka kwephrojekthi. Imininingwane ephelele ivumela ukwakheka okusebenziseka kalula nokucaca komkhakha.
Ingabe kufanele ngakhe indlu yezinkukhu ngaphambi kokukhetha uhlelo lwezimbiza?
Ngokuvamile, indlu nokwakheka kwezimbiza kufanele kuhlelwe ngaphambi kokuqedwa kokwakha. Imigqa, izitezi, imishanelo, ukuphakama okucacile, izinsika, ukukhishwa komquba, imizila yamaqanda nemishini yokungenisa umoya konke kuthinta isakhiwo. Ukwakheka kokugcina kufanele kuhlolwe onjiniyela abaqeqeshiwe.
Kubalwa kanjani umthamo wendlu yezinkukhu ezibekela amaqanda?
Umthamo ubalwa kusukela kumodeli yekheji ekhethiwe kanye nomthamo wekhompathimenti, inani lemigqa nezitezi, ubude bendlu obusetshenziswayo, izidingo zomthetho nezenhlalakahle, kanye nezikhala ezidingekayo zokunakekela. Ububanzi bombuso kuphela abanele ukunquma inani lokugcina lezinyoni.
Ingabe uhlelo lwe-H luhlale lungcono kunohlelo lwe-A?
Cha. Izinhlelo ze-H zingasekela ukwakheka kwezitezi eziningi kanye nokusebenza okuzenzakalelayo okuhlanganisiwe, kuyilapho izinhlelo ze-A zingafaneleka kwezinye izimo zokwakha, zabasebenzi noma zokutshalwa kwezimali. Ukukhetha okulungile kuncike emthamweni, ubukhulu bendlu, imithethonqubo, indlela yokulahla umquba, ukuzenzakalela, ukufinyelela kwesevisi kanye nokubalulekile komsebenzisi.
Yini evame ukufakwa epulazini lezinkukhu ezibekela amaqanda elizenzele ngokugcwele?
Ububanzi bungafaka ukondla okuzenzakalelayo, ukuphuza, ukuqoqa amaqanda, ukususa ubulongwe, ukungena komoya, ukupholisa noma ukushisisa, ukukhanyisa, ukulawula imvelo, ama-alamu kanye nezinhlelo ezihlobene zokuthutha. “Okuzenzakalelayo ngokuphelele” akunancazelo ngaphandle uma isilinganiso sisho imojuli eqondile, izixhumanisi kanye nemingcele yomthwalo wemfanelo.
Kungani izilinganiso ezimbili zezinkukhu ezinenani elifanayo zinemali ehlukile?
Zingase zisebenzise amamodeli amakheji ahlukile, izinto zokwakha, imigqa, izitezi, ukuzenzakalela, izinga lokulawula isimo sezulu, amazinga kagesi, imigomo yokuthutha, izibopho zokufaka, izingxenye eziyisipele noma amaphakethe enkonzo. Qhathanisa ububanzi bobuchwepheshe, okungafakiwe kanye nokuxhumana ngaphambi kokuqhathanisa inani eliphelele.
Ingabe umklamo wokungenisa umoya ovela kwelinye ipulazi ungakopishwa?
Akufanele ikopishwe ngaphandle kokubalwa kwephrojekthi. Isimo sezulu, ukuphakama kwendawo, izimo zezinyoni, ubukhulu bendlu, ukuhlelwa kwekheji, ukufakwa kwe-insulation, ama-inlets, amafeni, ukupholisa, ukushisisa kanye nesu lokulawula kumele kusebenze ndawonye. Amapulazi afanayo angahlinzeka ngezinkomba, kodwa hhayi esikhundleni sokuklama.
Kumele kuhlelwe nini ukuphathwa komquba?
Hlela kanye nokuhlelwa kwekheji kanye neplani yesiza. Iphrojekthi idinga umzila ophelele kusukela ekususweni kwekheji kuya ekudlulisweni, ekugcinweni, ekwelashweni, ekuthuthweni kanye nasekusetshenzisweni kokugcina noma ukulahlwa. Izidingo zendawo zezemvelo kanye nokuphathwa kwezakhi zomhlaba kumele ziqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokwakhiwa.
Kusukela Emcabangweni Wepulazi Kuya Kumqulu Wephrojekthi Osebenzayo
Ukubambisana okuhle kwamazwe ngamazwe kuqala ngokulalela izimo zangempela. I-Henan Daofeng Livestock Equipment Co., Ltd. ayiqali ngokuhlelwa okukodwa okungaguquki ezweni ngalinye. Siqala ngendawo yephrojekthi, inhloso yokukhiqiza, isakhiwo, imvelo, ithimba elisebenzayo kanye nezinto ezibalulekile zesikhathi eside.
Lungisa uhlu olungenhla futhi cele isilinganiso esiqondene nephrojekthi. Ithimba lethu lingasebenzisa ulwazi lwakho ukuze lixoxe ngendawo yemishini kanye nezixhumanisi zokuhlela ezidinga ukuqinisekiswa okwengeziwe. Izinqumo zokugcina zobunjiniyela, ezokulawulwa kanye nezokusebenza kumele zihlale ziqinisekiswa endaweni yephrojekthi.
Umbhali: Zhao Jinhong
Henan Daofeng Livestock Equipment Co., Ltd.






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